Hano hari ubwoko butatu bwikirahure kibisi kwisi: gushushanya neza, uburyo bwo kureremba hamwe na kalendari.Ikirahure kireremba hejuru ya 90% yumusaruro wikirahure muri iki gihe, nicyo kintu cyibanze cyubaka mubirahuri byububiko bwisi.Igikorwa cyo gukora ibirahuri bya Float cyashinzwe mu 1952, cyashyizeho urwego rwisi rwo gukora ibirahure byiza.Ikirahure kireremba kirimo intambwe eshanu zingenzi:
Ibigize
Gushonga
Gushiraho no gutwikira
Annealing
Gukata no gupakira
Ibikoresho
Gufata nicyiciro cyambere, gitegura ibikoresho fatizo byo gushonga.Ibikoresho bibisi birimo umucanga, dolomite, hekeste, ivu rya soda na mirabilite, bitwarwa namakamyo cyangwa gari ya moshi.Ibi bikoresho bibitswe mububiko.Hano hari silos, ibyiringiro, imikandara ya convoyeur, chute, abakusanya ivumbi hamwe na sisitemu zikenewe zo kugenzura mucyumba cyibikoresho, bigenzura ubwikorezi bwibikoresho fatizo no kuvanga ibikoresho.Kuva igihe ibikoresho fatizo bigeze mucyumba cyibikoresho, bihora byimuka.
Imbere mucyumba cyo kogeramo, umukandara muremure wa convoyeur uhora utwara ibintu fatizo biva muri silos yibikoresho fatizo bigera kumurongo wa indobo ukurikirana, hanyuma ukabohereza mubikoresho bipima kugirango barebe uburemere bwabo.Ibirahuri byongeye gukoreshwa cyangwa umurongo wo kubyara bizongerwa kuri ibyo bikoresho.Buri cyiciro kirimo ibirahure bimenetse hafi 10-30%.Ibikoresho byumye byongewe muri mixer hanyuma bivangwa mubice.Icyiciro kivanze cyoherezwa mucyumba cyo kogeramo kijya mu itanura ry'umutwe wa silo kugirango ubike binyuze mu mukandara wa convoyeur, hanyuma ukongerwaho mu itanura ku gipimo cyagenwe na federasiyo.
Ibirahuri bisanzwe
Cullet Yard
Kugaburira Ibikoresho bivanze bivanze mumbere yitanura kugeza kuri dogere 1650 hamwe na Hopper
Gushonga
Itanura risanzwe ni itanura ryaka umuriro rifite amashanyarazi atandatu, ubugari bwa metero 25 n'ubugari bwa metero 62, n'ubushobozi bwa buri munsi bwa toni 500.Ibice byingenzi bigize itanura ni gushonga pisine / ibisobanuro, pisine ikora, regenerator hamwe nitanura rito.Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 4, gikozwe mubikoresho bidasanzwe byo kuvunika kandi bifite ibyuma byuma kumurongo winyuma.Icyiciro cyoherejwe muri pisine yo gushonga itanura nuwagaburira, hanyuma pisine ishonga ishyuha kugeza 1650 ℃ nimbunda isanzwe ya spray.
Ikirahure gishongeshejwe gitemba kiva mu kidendezi gishonga kigana mu ijosi kinyuze mu bisobanuro kandi kigahinduka neza.Noneho iratemba mugice cyakazi hanyuma igakonja buhoro kugeza kuri dogere 1100 kugirango igere ku bwenge bwiza mbere yo kugera kuri tin.
Gushiraho
Inzira yo gukora ikirahuri cyamazi gisobanutse mubisahani yikirahure ni inzira yo gukoresha imashini ukurikije uburyo busanzwe bwibintu, kandi ubunini busanzwe bwibi bikoresho ni mm 6.88.Ikirahuri cyamazi gisohoka mu itanura kinyuze mu muyoboro, kandi imigezi yacyo igenzurwa n’umuryango ushobora guhinduka witwa impfizi y'intama, ikaba ifite uburebure bwa mm 0.15 mu kirahure cy'amazi.Ireremba kumabati yashongeshejwe - niyo mpamvu izina rireremba ikirahure.Ikirahuri n'amabati ntibishobora gukorana kandi birashobora gutandukana;Kurwanya kwabo muburyo bwa molekile bituma ikirahure cyoroha.
Ubwogero nigice gifunze muri azote igenzurwa nikirere cya hydrogène.Harimo gushyigikira ibyuma, ibishishwa hejuru no hepfo, inganda, amabati hamwe nubushyuhe, kugabanya ikirere, ibyuma byubushyuhe, sisitemu yo kugenzura mudasobwa, hafi metero 8 z'ubugari na metero 60 z'uburebure, kandi umuvuduko wumurongo ushobora kugera kuri metero 25 / umunota.Amabati arimo toni hafi 200 z'amabati meza, hamwe n'ubushyuhe bwa 800 ℃.Iyo ikirahuri kigize urwego ruto ku mpera ya tin yo kwiyuhagiriramo, byitwa isahani yikirahure, kandi urukurikirane rwimyenda ihindagurika ikora kumpande zombi.Umukoresha akoresha gahunda yo kugenzura kugirango ashyireho umuvuduko wo gutwika itanura n'imashini ishushanya.Ubunini bw'isahani y'ibirahure burashobora kuba hagati ya 0.55 na 25 mm.Igice cyo hejuru cyo gushyushya ibintu bikoreshwa mugucunga ubushyuhe bwikirahure.Mugihe isahani yikirahure idahwema kunyura mumabati, ubushyuhe bwikirahure buzagenda bugabanuka buhoro buhoro, bigatuma ikirahure kiringaniye kandi kibangikanye.Kuri ubu, acuracoat irashobora gukoreshwa ® Kuruhande rwumurongo wa firime yerekana, firime nkeya, firime yo kugenzura izuba, firime yifotora na firime yo kwisukura kubikoresho bya pyrolysis CVD.Muri iki gihe, ikirahuri cyiteguye gukonja.
Igice cy'umusaraba
Ikirahuri gikwirakwijwe mu gipimo cyoroshye ku mabati yashongeshejwe, Komeza Gutandukana n'Amabati, kandi gikozwe mu isahani
Ibikoresho byo kumanika kumanika bitanga ubushyuhe, kandi ubugari nubugari bwikirahure bigenzurwa numuvuduko nu mpande zimpande zombi.
Annealing
Iyo ikirahuri cyakozwe kiva mumabati, ubushyuhe bwikirahure ni 600 ℃.Niba isahani yikirahure ikonje mu kirere, hejuru yikirahure kizakonja vuba kuruta imbere yikirahure, ibyo bikaba bizatera kwikuramo cyane hejuru hamwe nihungabana ryimbere ryicyapa.
Igice cya Annealing Kiln
Uburyo bwo gushyushya ibirahuri mbere na nyuma yo kubumba nabwo ni inzira yo guhangayika imbere.Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe kugenzura ubushyuhe kugirango buhoro buhoro kugabanya ubushyuhe bwikirahure kubushyuhe bwibidukikije, ni ukuvuga annealing.Mubyukuri, annealing ikorwa mubushyuhe bwateganijwe bwa gradient annealing itanura (reba Ishusho 7) nko muri metero 6 z'ubugari na metero 120 z'uburebure.Itanura rya annealing ririmo ibikoresho byo gushyushya bigenzurwa namashanyarazi hamwe nabafana kugirango ubushyuhe bwikwirakwizwa ryikwirakwizwa ryibirahure bihamye.
Igisubizo cyibikorwa bya annealing nuko ikirahure gikonjeshwa neza ubushyuhe bwicyumba nta guhangayika cyangwa guhangayika.
Gukata no Gupakira
Isahani yikirahure yakonjeshejwe nitanura rya annealing bajyanwa ahantu haciwe binyuze mumeza ya roller ihujwe na sisitemu yo gutwara itanura.Ikirahuri kinyura kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura kumurongo kugirango ikureho inenge iyo ari yo yose, kandi igacibwa nuruziga rukata diyama kugirango ikureho inkombe yikirahure (ibikoresho byo ku nkombe bisubirwamo nkibirahure bimenetse).Noneho gabanya mubunini busabwa n'umukiriya.Ubuso bwikirahure bwaminjagiye hamwe nifu ya poro, kugirango amasahani yikirahure ashobore gutondekwa no kubikwa kugirango yirinde gufatana cyangwa gutobora.Hanyuma, amasahani yikirahure atagira inenge agabanijwemo ibice byo gupakira hamwe nimashini zikoresha intoki cyangwa zikoresha, hanyuma zoherezwa mububiko kugirango zibike cyangwa zohereze kubakiriya.
Isahani y'Ibirahure imaze kuva mu itanura rya Annealing, Isahani y'Ibirahure Yakozwe Byuzuye kandi Yimurirwa Ahantu hakonje kugirango ikomeze kugabanya ubushyuhe.